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What is VXLAN ?

What is VXLAN?

VXLAN is an encapsulation protocol that provides data center connectivity using tunneling to stretch Layer 2 connections over an underlying Layer 3 network.

In data centers, VXLAN is the most commonly used protocol to create overlay networks that sit on top of the physical network, enabling the use of virtual networks. The VXLAN protocol supports the virtualization of the data center network while addressing the needs of multi-tenant data centers by providing the necessary segmentation on a large scale.



VXLAN Packet:

• VXLAN is point to multi-point tunneling mechanism to extend Layer 2 networks over an IP network.

• VXLAN uses MAC in UDP encapsulation (UDP destination port 4789)



Two Modes of VXLAN:


1. Flood-and-Learn VXLAN: 

 • No control plane 

 • Data driven flood and learning 

 • Ethernet in the overlay network 


2. VXLAN EVPN: 

• EVPN as control plane 

• VTEPs exchange L2/L3 host and subnet reachability through EVPN control plane 

•  Routing protocol for both L2 and L3 forwarding 


What is VXLAN/EVPN?


•  Standards based Overlay (VXLAN) with Standards based Control-Plane (BGP) 

• Layer-2 MAC and Layer-3 IP information distribution by Control-Plane (BGP) 

• Forwarding decision based on Control-Plane (minimizes flooding) 

• Integrated Routing/Bridging (IRB) for Optimized Forwarding in the Overlay




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